FTP (File Transfer Protocol) is a standard protocol used to transfer files over the internet. FTP works using a client-server architecture.
The client, usually a program like FileZilla or Cyberduck, connects to the server using the server’s IP address or domain name and login credentials. The server, which is typically a computer or server that is connected to the internet, runs an FTP server software program that allows it to receive and send files.
Once the client is connected to the server, the client can browse the files on the remote server and choose which files to transfer. The client can download files from the server to their local computer or upload files from their local computer to the server.
FTP uses two channels to transfer data: a control channel and a data channel. The control channel is used for sending commands between the client and server, such as authentication and changing directories. The data channel is used for transferring the actual files.
FTP uses port 21 for the control channel and port 20 for the data channel. When a file is transferred using FTP, it is usually broken up into smaller chunks called packets, which are sent individually over the data channel. Once all the packets have been sent, they are reassembled on the recipient’s computer to form the original file.
Overall, FTP is a reliable and efficient way to transfer files over the internet and is commonly used for web design and maintenance, server backups, and other file transfer needs.
