An HTTP buffer overflow attack occurs when an attacker sends more data than a web server can handle, overflowing its memory buffer. This can cause the server to crash or allow the attacker to execute arbitrary code on the server.
The attack usually involves sending specially crafted HTTP requests that have headers or parameters with large amounts of data. When the server tries to process the request, it attempts to store the data in memory buffers that have fixed size limits. If the request contains more data than the buffer can hold, the excess data is written to adjacent memory locations, overwriting important information and causing the server to behave unexpectedly.
The attacker can use this unexpected behavior to their advantage, such as gaining administrative access to the server, stealing sensitive information, or spreading malware.
Buffer overflow attacks can be prevented by using proper input validation and data sanitization techniques within the server code. Additionally, web application firewalls (WAFs) can be used to monitor and prevent such attacks.
