The DNS protocol is managed by multiple entities, including:
1. Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA): This organization is responsible for managing the root zone file of the DNS system, which contains information about top-level domains (TLDs).
1. Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN): This organization oversees the global coordination of the DNS system, including the allocation of IP addresses and management of TLDs.
1. Regional Internet Registries (RIRs): These organizations manage the allocation of IP addresses to Internet Service Providers (ISPs) within their respective regions.
1. Domain Name Registries: These organizations manage the registration and distribution of domain names to registrars, which in turn sell them to individual users.
1. Internet Service Providers (ISPs): These companies provide access to the Internet and maintain their own DNS servers to enable users to access websites and online services.
Together, these entities ensure the proper functioning and management of the DNS protocol, which is critical for the functioning of the internet as we know it.
