Unit testing in Python can be easily done using Python’s built-in unittest module. Here are steps to do unit testing in Python.
1. Import the unittest module in your Python script.
\`\`\`python import unittest \`\`\` 1. Create a test case class by extending unittest.TestCase. \`\`\`python class TestMyFunction(unittest.TestCase): \`\`\` 1. Within that class, create methods that represent individual unit tests. Each of these methods should start with the word ‘test’. \`\`\`python class TestMyFunction(unittest.TestCase): def test\_addition(self): # testing addition result = 1 + 2 # 1 + 2 = 3 self.assertEqual(result, 3) def test\_subtraction(self): # testing subtraction result = 3 – 2 # 3 – 2 = 1 self.assertEqual(result, 1) \`\`\` 1. Now, within the test methods, use the various assert methods provided by the TestCase base class to check for conditions you expect to be true. \`\`\`python self.assertEqual(a, b) self.assertNotEqual(a, b) self.assertTrue(x) self.assertFalse(x) self.assertIsNone(x) self.assertIsNotNone(x) \`\`\`1. Finally, at the bottom of your script, you’ll need to include a call to unittest.main(). This function runs all of the test methods in the script.
\`\`\`python if name == ‘main’: unittest.main() \`\`\`Running your script will now execute your tests, and report a failure if any of your assertions is not satisfied.
These are the basic steps for building unit tests in Python. There are also other tools like pytest and nose which have more features and are more commonly used in industry.
