SNMPv3 provides support for identity management through the use of security models and security levels.
Security models define the methods by which authentication and encryption are done, and there are two security models that can be used with SNMPv3:
1. User-based Security Model (USM): This model provides authentication and encryption using the HMAC-SHA-1-96 algorithm for authentication and AES-128-CTR cipher for encryption.
1. View-based Access Control Model (VACM): This model provides access control through the use of views, which limit the SNMP objects that are accessible to specific users.
Security levels define the type of security that is applied to SNMP messages, and there are three security levels that can be used with SNMPv3:
1. No authentication or encryption (noAuthNoPriv): This level provides no authentication or encryption of SNMP messages.
1. Authentication only (authNoPriv): This level provides authentication of SNMP messages using the HMAC-SHA-1-96 algorithm.
1. Authentication and encryption (authPriv): This level provides authentication and encryption of SNMP messages using the HMAC-SHA-1-96 algorithm and AES-128-CTR cipher.
To handle identity management in SNMPv3, an administrator must create user accounts and assign them to specific security levels using the access control model. The user accounts must also have appropriate permissions to access SNMP objects in the network. Once the user accounts are configured, SNMPv3 can enforce identity and access control policies, limiting access to SNMP objects based on the identity of the user making the request.
