SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) discovery is the process of identifying and monitoring network devices using SNMP. It involves sending SNMP queries to all the devices on the network and analyzing the responses to build a comprehensive inventory of the network. The SNMP discovery process can provide information such as device type, manufacturer, model, IP address, and other details that can be used for network management and monitoring. It is an essential tool for network administrators as it helps in identifying and troubleshooting network issues, monitoring network performance, and maintaining network security.