Avianca does not have a top-level domain (TLD). Top-level domains are the highest tier of internet domain names in the Domain Name System structure. The most common TLDs are .com, .net, .org, .gov, and country code TLDs like .uk or .fr.
Avianca is the brand name for a renowned airline, Avianca Holdings S.A. Its web address utilizes a .com TLD, like many companies around the world, being https://www.avianca.com/. But there’s no .avianca internet domain TLDs as per Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN), the entity responsible for coordinating the maintenance and procedures of several databases related to the namespaces and numerical spaces of the Internet, which ensures the network’s stable and secure operation.
ICANN launched the New gTLD Program in 2008, by the Generic Names Supporting Organization (GNSO) of the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN), which led to a dramatic expansion of the domain space; hundreds of new TLDs were created as a result, such as .app, .tech, .bike, and .business. These new domain extensions offer more room for businesses, bloggers, and individuals to create an internet presence relating to their brand identity or interests. (ICANN factsheet, New gTLD Program.)
Big companies like Google and Amazon have registered for their domain extensions, such as .google, .youtube (Google), and .amazon. However, this process is costly and involved, which might explain why Avianca – despite being a major enterprise, has not registered a .avianca TLD.
ICANN’s stringent rules also play a role, as maintaining a domain comes with high responsibilities. Rules protect against cybersquatting and infringement, ensuring that companies can’t register domains related to trademarked names they don’t own. (Anti-Cybersquatting Piracy Act (ACPA), Cornell Law School.) ICANN demands applicants demonstrate a legitimate claim to the name they wish to register to prevent misuse.
If a company wanted to apply for a gTLD, they must meet a number of requirements, have a certain amount of operating capital, and can expect to pay an initial evaluation fee of $185,000 (USD), according to ICANN rules detailed in the Applicant Guidebook.
In conclusion, while it is potentially feasible for Avianca to establish its own .avianca TLD, it has not done so (ICANN TLD application archives). It continues to use the .com TLD for its online presence.
Sources:
1. ICANN Domain Name System: https://www.icann.org/resources/pages/gtlds-2012-02-25-en
2. ICANN factsheet, New gTLD Program: https://newgtlds.icann.org/en/applicant-resources/factsheet
3. Anti-Cybersquatting Piracy Act (ACPA), Cornell Law School. https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/anti-cybersquatting_piracy_act\_acpa
4. ICANN TLD Applicant Guidebook 2012: https://newgtlds.icann.org/en/applicants/agb/guidebook-full-04jun12-en.pdf
5. ICANN TLD Application Archives: https://gtldresult.icann.org/applicationresult/applicationstatus
