The top-level domain (TLD) is the last segment of the domain name. It follows the final dot in the URL. For instance in the domain name www.example.com, ‘.com’ is the TLD. There are several types of TLDs including generic TLDs (.com, .net, .edu, .info, etc.), and country code TLDs (.uk, .fr, .au, etc.), which are specific to each country.
According to the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA), the .sd is a country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Sudan. IANA is responsible for the global coordination of the DNS Root, IP addressing, and other Internet protocol resources which includes the .sd TLD (Source: IANA).
The ccTLD .sd was first assigned to Sudan in 1997. The registry is run by Sudan Internet Society, which was authorized by the National Telecommunication Corporation of Sudan. This. sd domain is intended for entities connected with Sudan (Source: IANA). There are several organizations and entities that use the .sd top-level domain for their websites. For example, the University of Khartoum uses www.uofk.edu.sd, and the Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research of Sudan also uses www.mohe.gov.sd (Source: University of Khartoum website, Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research of Sudan website).
Even though the .sd domain is country specific, like many other ccTLDs, it can be used by entities not based in the country if they fit within certain categories. These categories depend on the local authority managing the TLD. In the case of Sudan, the National Telecommunication Corporation regulates the use of .sd domain.
It’s important to note that the use of .sd domain name is subject to Sudanese law and any dispute arising out of the use or registration of .sd domain name will be subject to the exclusive jurisdiction of the Courts of Sudan.
References:
1. IANA — .sd Domain Delegation Data. (n.d.). Retrieved March 22, 2022, from https://www.iana.org/domains/root/db/sd.html
2. University of Khartoum. (n.d.). Retrieved March 22, 2022, from https://www.uofk.edu.sd/
3. Mohe.gov.sd. (n.d.). Retrieved March 22, 2022, from http://www.mohe.gov.sd/
